Industrial IoT Use Cases
Explore Industrial IoT use cases — practical ways to cut costs, run more efficiently, and get better results day to day.
435 use cases
Biogas
Buffer silo for raw materials in the ethanol plant
Energy
In order to always have enough material available for downstream processes in the ethanol plant, the crushed raw materials are held ready to use in buffer silos. The ground-up grain ‘flour’ for the pr...
Compact slurry tanks in biogas plants
Energy
Biogas plants convert a mixture of organic waste and renewable raw materials into valuable energy through fermentation using a largely CO2 neutral process. Optimal consumption of the resources and mai...
Fermentation in the ethanol plant
Energy
The heart of the ethanol plant is the fermentation process. This is where the sugars in the mash are converted into alcohol, which, in the subsequent distillation process, is then concentrated to a st...
Process vessels in the ethanol plant
Energy
To ensure the best possible fermentation of the ingeredients, optimal process conditions must prevail, control of pH value and temperature of the medium play important roles. The pH is adjusted by add...
Raw material silo in the ethanol plant
Energy
Ethanol is an additive used in gasoline. Through the use of renewable resources, the CO2 emission of fuels is significantly improved and the consumption of crude oil reduced. In modern ethanol plants,...
Slurry tanks in biogas plants
Energy
Semi-liquid manure, or slurry, in biogas plants is often stored in closed, large-volume slurry tanks. Through fermentation, a valuable energy carrier is extracted from the mixture of organic waste and...
Storage tank in an ethanol plant
Energy
After going through all process steps, the bioethanol is stored in a tank ready for delivery to the consumer. Accurate measurement of the tank contents is an important prerequisite for fiscal inventor...
Brewery
Bottle cleaning
Food Industry
Before they are filled with beer, the bottles are thoroughly cleaned. The bottles are fed into the system and filled with caustic water in the basin of the washing facility, which removes all coarse d...
CO2 separator
Food Industry
CO2 is produced during the fermentation process in the fermentation tank. It is captured to increase efficiency and used later in the filling process. To this end, CO2 recirculation systems are integr...
Cleaning agent storage tank of the CIP system
Food Industry
The cleaning of process equipment in the food industry takes place within the framework of validated "Cleaning in Place (CIP)" processes that ensure aseptic conditions in production tanks. Sodium hydr...
Condenser
Food Industry
In the condenser, potable water evaporated as steam and condensed to form pure, clean water . Inside the condenser there is a cooling system that cools the steam to make it condense. The feed of cooli...
Diatomaceous earth filter
Food Industry
After a large part of the yeast has already been filtered out in the separator, the brew leaves the green beer storage tank and is pumped into the diatomaceous earth filter for filtration. Here, the r...
Fermentation tank
Food Industry
After the wort has been cooled down to the appropriate temperature in the wort cooler, it is pumped into the fermentation tanks. The fermentation process is then started by adding in yeast. The yeast...
Green beer storage tank
Food Industry
After fermentation and after a large part of the yeast has already been removed in the separator, the green beer is placed in storage. Here it is continuously cooled. The green beer is then pumped int...
Malt mill
Food Industry
The malt is prepared for mashing in the malt mill. Wet or dry malt mills are used depending on which brewing process is being used. During the milling process it is important to have a continuous flow...
Mash tun
Food Industry
The crushed malt is mixed with brewing water to create the mash. The mixture is heated in the mash tun and the natural enzymes convert the insoluble grain starch into soluble malt sugar. During the pr...
Preparation tank for solvents
Food Industry
A hot caustic solution is required for fast cleaning. It is heated in the storage tank and then flushed into the production equipment. The tank is wrapped in a steam heating jacket that serves to cont...
Raw material silo
Food Industry
Hops, malt and raw fruit sugar are required as raw materials for the brewing process. The raw materials are stored in large silos. To ensure continuous supplies for production are maintained, the leve...
Steam separator
Food Industry
In the production of purified water, the process begins with tap water being fed into the steam separator. The tap water evaporates there and is fed into the condenser. Evaporation is effected by a he...
Storage container for yeast
Food Industry
The yeast is grown and stored in small storage tanks at an optimal temperature, then added to the fermentation tanks as required. To ensure ideal storage, the minimum and maximum limit levels as well...
Storage tank for beer bottling
Food Industry
Beer is continuously delivered into the filler supply tank of the bottling machine. Reliable level measurement is important for an optimal filling process. A point level sensor is used to also prevent...
Storage tank for purified water
Food Industry
Purified water is used for the CIP cleaning of the production equipment. This water is produced through filtration and distillation and then stored temporarily in tanks. Absolute sterility and cleanab...
Wort cooler
Food Industry
In the wort cooler, the wort is cooled down from approx. +100 °C to 8 - 15 °C. The yeast is added in a subsequent process. Reliable pressure measurement is required to maintain an optimal process in t...
Wort kettle
Food Industry
Hops give beer its typical beer aroma. Proper dosage of the hops is therefore enormously important for the flavour of the finished product. Wort and hops are mixed together and cooked in the wort kett...
Yeast separator
Food Industry
After leaving the fermentation tank, the green beer is fed to the separator. There, a large part of the yeast is removed before filtration. To ensure a continuous supply to the separator, the pressure...
Beer tank
Food Industry
During the brewing process, a thick layer of foam is always present in the beer tanks. Therefore usually two pressure transmitters are used for level measurement. One transmitter measures the head pre...
Coal Power Plant
Absorber
Energy
The lime milk sprayed into the flue gas desulphurization system collects at the bottom of the absorber. The level has to be monitored to ensure that the absorber pumps do not run dry.
Absorber pump
Energy
Before the flue gas enters the absorber (scrubbing tower), its pollutant content (sulphur) is measured. If the degree of pollution of the flue gas requires it, the absorber pumps are switched on and a...
Adipic acid mixing tank
Energy
Adding adipic acid to the lime milk increases the effectiveness of the desulfurization process in the absorber. This is done by mixing adipic powder with water in the mixing tank. This acid lowers ope...
Ammonia feed tank
Energy
To protect the environment, the nitrogen oxide content in the flue gas is reduced as much as possible. This is accomplished by adding air and ammonia to the flue gas. Through a chemical reaction, the...
Belt transfer station
Energy
In a coal power plant, either hard coal or brown coal is burned as the main fuel source. The coal is transported on conveyor belts to the furnace. To avoid backup or overfilling at the belt transfer s...
Coal stockpile
Energy
After being unloaded from rail cars or ships, the coal is stored in stockpiles. Here, reliable measuring systems that function properly in any kind of weather are essential for level monitoring and be...
Coal surge bin I
Energy
In a typical coal power plant, lignite (soft coal) and anthracite (hard coal) are stored temporarily in bins up to 15 meters high. To ensure that the coal belts are continuously loaded without interru...
Coal surge bin II
Energy
In a typical coal power plant, lignite (soft coal) and anthracite (hard coal) are stored temporarily in bins up to 30 meters high. To ensure that the coal belts are continuously loaded without interr...
Combustion air pipe
Energy
To ensure an optimum combustion process in a coal-fired power plant, the amount of air flowing in the pipes leading to the furnace must be carefully monitored. A Venturi section of the air pipe is a d...
Conveyor belts for coal
Energy
For optimal quantity measurement of the coal being conveyed to the power plant or to the individual boilers, a continuous flow of material must be ensured. Throughput measurement on the conveyor belts...
Cooling tower basin
Energy
At the bottom of the cooling tower there are nozzles for atomizing and cooling incoming hot water. As the heated water is sprayed up inside the cooling tower, it warms the air, which expands, flows up...
Cooling water intake
Energy
Coal fired power stations use huge amounts of cooling water. This water is usually taken from rivers, with the help of specially built intake structures. At these extraction points, reliable level mea...
Cooling water pumps
Energy
A considerable amount of cooling water is required for a coal power plant. Large, powerful pumps are needed to keep the huge quantities of water circulating. Robust and adjustment-free sensors ensure...
Feed belt to the coal mill
Energy
To fuel the power plant boilers, chain conveyors must first bring raw coal from the bunkers. Feed belts (distributors) then transport the coal to the coal mill, where it is ground into dust and blown...
Fly ash silo, ash bunker
Energy
The burning of coal creates huge quantities of ash. It is collected in a silo or bunker and then dumped into an open pit. To determine the filling height, radar transmitters and level detectors are de...
Fuel oil storage tanks
Energy
To start up the combustion process in a coal power plant, fuel oil is required. Then later the plant switches over to its proper fuel, coal. The fuel oil is stored in large storage tanks equipped with...
Heating condenser
Energy
In the heating condenser, steam is used to provide energy for a district heating network. The outgoing temperature of the heating water is controlled by the prevailing weather conditions. As part of t...
Level measurement in the raw water basin
Energy
The raw water facility, is extracted mostly from rivers, it is conditioned for use in the steam and condensate loops. Reliable level measurement in the raw water basin ensures that there is always an...
Lime milk pipeline
Energy
The flue gas enters the scrubbing tower (absorber) and cools down further. Here the lime milk (gypsum suspension) is sprayed into the flue gas to wash out the SO2 gas component. The sulphur dioxide is...
Lime milk storage tank
Energy
The sulphur in the flue gas is chemically bound by injecting lime milk into the scrubbing tower. To ensure that there is always enough lime milk available for the scrubbing tower, sensors are required...
Lime silo I
Energy
For flue gas desulfurization a continuous production of the lime milk is required, the lime is kept on hand in sufficient quantities in large silos. Lime tends to readily adhere to more or less anythi...
Lime silo II
Energy
For flue gas desulfurization a continuous production of the lime milk is required, the lime is kept on hand in sufficient quantities in large silos. Lime tends to readily adhere to more or less anythi...
Oil feed tank
Energy
Turbines are highly complex systems in which lubricating oil plays an important role. The oil is used to ensure proper operation, to reduce maintenance costs to a minimum and to prevent turbine failur...
Receiving tank for feed water
Energy
The process water, which is usually extracted from a river, cannot be fed directly into the turbine loop until it has been treated. It has to undergo cleansing through filtering systems and ionizers....
Reversing conveyor
Energy
The gypsum extracted from the exhaust gases in the flue gas desulphurisation unit is transported by conveyor belts to the wet gypsum storage hall. The stockpile loading is carried out by a reversing c...
Silo for filter dust
Energy
In power plants, the flue gases are cleaned in several ways. One of them is electrostatic filtering, which efficiently extracts large amounts of dust from the gases. This material is collected in a si...
Steam drum
Energy
Process heat in a power plant is provided by steam at different pressures. The required process temperature is regulated via the steam pressure. Depending on the process temperatures there can be pres...
Steam pipe
Energy
To warm up the water for the boiler, steam is bled from the power plant turbine and delivered into a preheater. As the steam cools and condenses, it is removed from the preheater with pumps. Any conde...
Storage tanks for acids
Energy
The raw water, which is usually extracted from a river, cannot be fed untreated directly into the turbine circuit of the plant. It has to be treated first. To neutralize the water, either sodium hydro...
Storage tanks for fire water
Energy
To ensure fire safety, power plants are required to have an adequate supply of extinguishing water on hand for the fire brigade. The water is usually provided through a central fire water main. To mak...
Turbine steam line
Energy
The pressure in the steam loop has to be monitored at various points in the process. Reliable measurement is required especially at the inlets of the various pressure stages of the turbine. Pressure t...
Wastewater basin
Energy
The wastewater created in the power plant is collected in a basin and fed into a treatment system. This is where wastewater from the chemical treatment, the slag cooling, the sanitary facilities as we...
Water vapour line
Energy
The pressure in the steam circuit has to be monitored at various points in the process. A reliable flow measurement is required especially at the inlets of the various pressure stages of the turbine....
Wet deslagger
Energy
In a coal fired power station, either hard coal or brown coal is burned as the main energy source. Most plants have a so-called "wet deslagger" for removing the bottom ash (slag) from the combustion c...
Wet gypsum storage hall I
Energy
The gypsum extracted from the exhaust gases in the flue gas desulphurisation unit is stored in the wet gypsum storage hall ready for further transport. Level sensors are needed to determine the stockp...
Wet gypsum storage hall II
Energy
The stored gypsum is pushed onto a conveyor belt with a scraper arm which is then conveyed out for loading and onward transportation. The radar sensor measures the height of the gypsum stockpile, and...
Dairy
Batching tank for milk cultures
Food Industry
The production of dairy cultures is a process characterised by heat treatment, cooling, inoculation, incubation and storage. Exact timing and temperatures must be maintained throughout all phases of p...
Cheese vat
Food Industry
The milk is mixed with the cultures and the rennet and fed into the cheese vat. The milk is then coagulated at a constant temperature of +35 °C. After it has solidified, the curd is cut. The whey is t...
Heat exchanger
Food Industry
In a plate heat exchanger, the milk is heated up to +85 °C, depending on the process, so that all germs are killed. The milk is heated in multiple sections, kept hot and cooled down again by cold, inf...
Homogenizer
Food Industry
In order to prevent the milk fat from settling on top of the milk, either just the cream or the whole milk is homogenised in the next step. This is where the cream or milk is pushed through micro-size...
Jam cooking kettle
Food Industry
Deseeded fruits and other ingredients for the production of jam are weighed and placed in a cooking vessel and gently heated. The cooking process takes place in a closed vacuum boiler at a temperature...
Mixing tank for soft cheese production
Food Industry
In the production of soft cheeses, various types of cheese are mixed and melted in a mixing tank. The cheese collects on the walls of the tank and is scraped off again by large spatulas. To ensure eff...
Preheater
Food Industry
After the raw milk has been delivered and stored, it is first preheated to approx. +55 °C in the preheater before being passed on for separation. To ensure an optimal heating process, both the cool an...
Raw milk tank
Food Industry
The incoming raw milk is stored at a temperature of about 4 °C and stirred gently at all times to ensure it is kept until it is forwarded for further processing. As well as measuring the level in the...
Separator
Food Industry
After the raw milk has been heat treated, it is cleaned in the separator and separated into the components cream and skimmed milk. The raw milk and cream are brought back together again in mixtures th...
Stirring and batching tank for yoghurt
Food Industry
The milk lactose is converted to lactic acid under controlled heating in stirring and batching tanks. This process thickens the milk to yoghurt and gives it its sourish taste. The resulting product is...
Storage container for rennet
Food Industry
The rennet is needed to coagulate the milk when making cheese. It is stored in a storage container and metered out into the cheese vat as needed. Reliable level and point Level detection are essential...
Storage tank for milk and milk products
Food Industry
Milk and milk-based products such as cream, standard and pasteurized milk have to be stored in the correct quantities depending on production requirements. Since whole milk tends to separate into milk...
Supply tank of a filling machine
Food Industry
Yoghurt is stored in the supply tank of the filling machine. Reliable level measurement and point level detection are important for maintaining the filling process. A point level sensor is also used t...
Drinking Water Supply
Bank filtration
Water and Wastewater
Water obtained from wells adjacent to lakes and rivers is called bank filtration. The flowing water constantly seeps through the riverbed and mixes with the ground water. The level of water must be co...
Chemical tank
Water and Wastewater
Chemical tanks guarantee the supply of raw materials for ongoing processes. The plant operator needs exact level readings from the containers at all times to be able to ensure punctual replenishment....
Deep well
Water and Wastewater
Ground water from deep wells is pumped to the surface with the help of submersible pumps. It must be ensured, however, that the amount of water extracted is balanced to the amount that seeps back in....
Drinking water pipeline
Water and Wastewater
To transport drinking water even to the remotest drinking water storage facilities, pumping stations generate the required water pressure, which is constantly monitored by a pressure transmitter. A le...
Elevated storage tanks
Water and Wastewater
Elevated water tanks are reservoirs located at high places that act as a buffer during periods of peak demand. They compensate for delivery fluctuations and enable efficient plant operation. Reliable...
Evaporation chamber
Water and Wastewater
In thermal seawater desalination, the drinking water is produced in multi-stage evaporation processes. By connecting the various stages in series with ever lower temperatures, the system’s coefficient...
Filter monitoring
Water and Wastewater
The raw water is pumped from the lake into a tank. It is then filtered via a drum filter. In this process the water is separated and purified from any suspended matter and coarse impurities. An electr...
Flotation
Water and Wastewater
To filter suspended matter out of the water, precipitants are added to the water. When small air bubbles are injected into the liquid, suspended matter is bound to the rising bubbles and drawn off at...
Gauging station
Water and Wastewater
Precise monitoring of the river level is an important requirement for sustainable extraction of river water for use as drinking water. The measurement sites are often in exposed locations and sensor...
Gravel bed filter
Water and Wastewater
The suspended matter is filtered out of the water via the sand and gravel filled filter tank. Pressure is applied to pump water through the filter bed. Dirt particles are retained in the filter materi...
Intermediate bulk containers
Water and Wastewater
In many processes, small amounts of various additives are required to improve the properties of certain end products. The media are supplied in small, transportable containers. Level measurement ensur...
Mineralisation tank
Water and Wastewater
Various methods are used to replenish the demineralised water with the minerals required in healthy drinking water. One method is to pass the water through a container filled with limestone, enriching...
Osmosis filter
Water and Wastewater
Sea water is pressed through a semi-permeable membrane under high pressure. The semi-permeable membrane allows only water molecules to seep through. Salts, bacteria and viruses are retained in the fil...
Ozone gas collection pipe
Water and Wastewater
Ozone is used for the disinfection of drinking water. It is produced from oxygen in a hyperbaric reactor by means of electrical energy. The gas produced then flows into the ozone gas collection pipe....
Pure water tank
Water and Wastewater
Pure water tanks are important storage facilities for periods of peak demand. They compensate for delivery fluctuations and enable efficient plant operation. The pure water tank is therefore not only...
Reverse osmosis
Water and Wastewater
The seawater is forced through a semi-permeable diaphragm under high pressure. Only pure water molecules can pass through. Salts, bacteria and viruses are retained in the filter. The resulting water i...
Seawater extraction
Water and Wastewater
The seawater is fed into large buffer basins for further processing, sometimes these can be several hundred metres from the coast. Level measurement in the basins controls the extraction pumps and thu...
Storage tank for flocculant
Water and Wastewater
The finest impurities in the water are bound together through flocculation. This allows the coagulated materials to be removed from the water by sedimentation or filtration. The flocculant required fo...
Surge tank
Water and Wastewater
In the central drinking water supply system, air-bladder chambers are used to compensate for pressure fluctuations in the supply line. They are used primarily to stabilize smaller water networks, wher...
Ultrafiltration
Water and Wastewater
During seawater desalination, substances often have to be removed or separated from each other. One method for separation or precipitation is filtration. Superior product quality results only when the...
Water source
Water and Wastewater
Spring water originates from surface water, which passes down through layers of porous rock on its way down into the earth. It then flows horizontally along a layer of clay or rock and thus forms a sp...
Water storage tanks
Water and Wastewater
Water storage tanks are especially important in times of peak demand. They compensate for delivery fluctuations and enable efficient plant operation. The water storage tanks are therefore not just sto...
Water supply dam
Water and Wastewater
To operate drinking water storage reliably, precise information about the water level of the inflow as well as the dam itself is required. The level of water in the dam can be continuously monitored b...
Water tower
Water and Wastewater
Water towers are used as storage facilities for drinking water and as pressure balancing tanks in the network of water supply pipelines. In order to keep the water level and thus the network pressure...
General Food Processing
Animal feed silo
Food Industry
In the agricultural industry, animal feed is usually stored in tall, slim silos. To ensure that there is always enough animal feed in stock, a reliable level measurement combined with wireless data tr...
Aroma vessel
Food Industry
A wide variety of aromas and flavourings are used in the food industry. The containers which store these ingredients until further processing often have small dimensions and internal obstructions. The...
Batch filler vessel
Food Industry
The small batch filler vessels around 1 m high and 60 cm diameter alongside the production facility supply the filler heads of the tank. The products vary from conserve to peanut butter to chocolate s...
Chocolate storage tank
Food Industry
After the “conching” process the liquid chocolate is kept in large tanks for further processing. An agitator stirs the chocolate “mass” to maintain a uniform consistency and temperature in the vessel....
Conveyor belt for sugar beet
Food Industry
The delivered sugar beets are poured from trucks onto conveyor belts that transfer it to the washing and shredding facility. Multiple level sensors are required to monitor the loading of the beet as i...
Evaporator
Food Industry
In the production of spices, the spices are first mixed with water and oil to form a slurry. This is fed into an evaporator, where water is removed to turn it into a kind of syrup. The thickened spice...
Flour silo
Food Industry
The different varieties of flour are most often stored in tall silos with very narrow chambers. Filling takes place regularly and is done pneumatically from the top. In order to produce the desired bl...
Grain silo
Food Industry
Barley is stored in malt houses in silos up to 20 metres high before it is processed into malt for production of beer. Filling the silos generates a lot of dust and the material cone geometry constant...
Ice cream "Premix" mixer
Food Industry
The ingredients for making ice cream are accurately weighed and fed into a mixing tank, where the "premix" is made. Afterwards, the premix is passed through the homogenizer at a pressure of about 140...
Mash tank
Food Industry
Elderberries are first mashed up in order to produce a concentrate, from which food dyes are then made. The elderberry mash is refrigerated to maintain the product quality. Accurate level measurement...
Meat pellets conveyor
Food Industry
The finished meat pellets and kibbles are fed onto a conveyor belt ready for packaging to be sold as pet foods. In order to ensure a continuous supply of meatballs, the conveyor belt requires careful...
Reaction vessel for creatine production
Food Industry
Creatine is a naturally occurring substance in the body, but it is also produced synthetically. The ingredients are filled into an agitated reaction vessel. Mixing the ingredients generates an exother...
Reaction vessel with agitator
Food Industry
Production of polyvinyl acetate – the base material for chewing gum – is carried out in a reaction vessel with a four stage agitator. The various raw materials begin to react when they are mixed by th...
Reactor with fruit concentrate
Food Industry
The reactor is filled with concentrated fruit juice and heated. In order to achieve a higher density, the water content is reduced through evaporation. As soon as the required Brix (density) value is...
Small silos for baking ingredients
Food Industry
Small vessels and hoppers are used as intermediate storage containers in which ingredients such as flour, yeast and salt are there, ready for manufacture into baked goods. Level measurement and point...
Storage silo for sugar and flour
Food Industry
Flour and sugar are the basic ingredients for many food products and stored in silos up to 20 metres high. The filling and emptying is often performed by pneumatic systems that transport the media fro...
Storage tank for liquid foodstuffs
Food Industry
In the food industry, liquid media such as glucose, fruit juice or syrup must always be kept in stock. To get them ready for the production process, some liquids must be either pre-cooled or pre-heate...
Storage tanks for alcohol
Food Industry
Alcohol storage tanks are considered potentially explosive and are therefore kept in special rooms. When the alcohol is needed, it is pumped directly to the appropriate production vessel through a ”ri...
Sugar dissolver vessel
Food Industry
In beet sugar refining the raw sugar is heated and dissolved in water into liquor. There are typically several interconnected agitated vessels in this process, each one with a weir allowing the liquor...
Sugar vacuum pan
Food Industry
The process in a vacuum pan is designed to ensure the growth of sugar crystals. The syrup is cooked in a closed boiler with steam-heated tubes and the liquid is extracted. The intermediate product is...
Thickener for sugar beet juice
Food Industry
The thin juice extracted from sugar beet is thickened by the reduction of excess water in multiple stages at the evaporator station. This evaporation process is carried out under vacuum and heat. The...
Hydrogen
Buffer tank for potash lye
Energy
Continuous level measurement with radar in the buffer tank for potash lye.
Gas storage tank
Energy
Continuous level measurement with radar for permanent gas volume measurement Monitoring of the gas pressure in the gas reservoir Separator (supply isolator) for optimal power supply to connected senso...
Hydrogen compressor
Energy
Pressure sensor for pressure measurement in the compression chamber Pressure measurement in the compressor pipelines.
Hydrogen pipeline
Energy
Pressure monitoring in the hydrogen pipeline.
Hydrogen tanker with liquid hydrogen
Energy
Level measurement via differential pressure in a tank holding liquid hydrogen Level measurement with radar in a tank holding liquid hydrogen.
Liquid hydrogen storage tank
Energy
Level measurement with differential pressure in the liquid hydrogen storage tank.
Osmosis filter
Energy
Differential pressure transmitter for measuring filter contamination External display and adjustment unit for 4 … 20 mA/HART sensors Mounting bracket for differential pressure transmitter.
PEM electrolyser
Energy
Pressure measurement in the inlet and outlet of the PEM electrolyser Level measurement with radar for regulation of water quantities Level measurement with guided radar for water volume control.
Storage tank with hydrogen gas
Energy
Pressure sensor for pressure measurement in a storage tank with gaseous hydrogen.
Water storage tank
Energy
Vibrating level switch as overfill protection in water storage tanks Non-contact level measurement with radar in water storage tanks.
Alkaline electrolyser (AEL)
Energy
Level measurement with guided radar for regulating the electrolyte level and the water intake Pressure sensor for pressure monitoring in an electrolyte tank Differential pressure measurement between t...
Hydropower
Coarse and fine screens
Energy
Mechanical cleaning removes entrained floating matter with screens or sieves. This protects the downstream process stages from buildup, clogging and abrasion. Solids with diameters greater than 25 mm...
Dam of the hydroelectric power plant
Energy
The seepage water in the dam of the hydroelectric plant is collected in pipes or channels. The quantity of seepage water provides information on the condition of the dam (another indicator of the cond...
Pressure line in a hydroelectric power plant
Energy
In hydroelectric power plants, water is transported from the dam to the turbine via a pressure pipe. A partial or complete rupture of the pressure line leads to an increase in flow rate in the pipe th...
Reservoir at the pumped storage power plant
Energy
Pumped storage power plants store a large amount of energy and feed it into the grid very quickly when necessary. One important parameter is the height of the water level in the reservoir. It allows c...
Turbine building in the hydroelectric power plant
Energy
A large number of sensors are deployed to ensure reliable operation of the generators and turbines in the hydroelectric power plant. They monitor the pressure in the hydraulic lines, the lubricant sup...
Water inlet at the reservoir
Energy
If the natural flow of water into a reservoir is not sufficient for optimal energy production, additional water is fed into the reservoir via ducts or tunnels from water catchments that can be up to s...
Shipbuilding
Anti-heeling system
Ship and Yacht Building
Ship heeling caused by high winds, uneven cargo loading or the forces of sharp turns is counteracted by anti-heeling systems. To counter these conditions, ballast tanks are connected to each other by...
Ballast water tanks
Ship and Yacht Building
The ballast water measurements in the wing and double bottom tanks go directly into the control system for the ship trim, draught and list. Since these measuring points are virtually inaccessible duri...
Bilges
Ship and Yacht Building
Every ship has ‘bilges’ – this is space at the lowest point of the vessel between the floor of the engine room and the bottom of the ship. A water/oil mixture collects in this bilge area, where the mi...
Cargo tank
Ship and Yacht Building
The levels in storage tanks, especially those on board chemical tankers must be continuously measured. This is especially important to monitor during loading and unloading operations, because of stric...
Cargo tank in a bitumen tanker
Ship and Yacht Building
Bitumen is transported at temperatures of around 170 °C to 190 °C. The heating is supplied via an array of multi-layered heating tubes mounted on the floor and sides of the tanks. To ensure efficient...
Cavity tanks
Ship and Yacht Building
To extend the duration of stay at sea, every cubic centimetre of space on navy and research vessels is utilised. All available spaces and any inaccessible places on the ship are used as additional tan...
Crude oil storage tank
Ship and Yacht Building
Crude oil is pumped directly into the cargo tanks on board in order to separate gas, oil and water from each other using gravity. To ensure profitable utilisation of the loading capacities as well as...
HFO settling and service tank
Ship and Yacht Building
To ensure fuel feed to the main engine, heavy fuel oil (HFO) is separated though first being pumped into a settling (buffer) tank. The following service tank or day tank, which is filled via a continu...
Heavy lifter
Ship and Yacht Building
Flo-Flo (Float On/Float Off) ships are characterised by their large number of ballast water tanks. These make it possible to lower the ship until the main deck is below the waterline. This allows larg...
Hopper
Ship and Yacht Building
The hopper contains a mixture of sand, gravel and water. This mixture is collected by one or two suction pipes and drag heads that move over the seabed. The water flows out through so-called overflows...
Hydraulic oil reservoir tank
Ship and Yacht Building
The hydraulic oil used to transmit power circulates in a closed system. However, it is gradually lost due to lubrication points and leakages in the power equipment. To ensure optimum operation of the...
Hydrogen tanker with liquid hydrogen
Ship and Yacht Building
If energy-rich hydrogen has to be transported over long distances, special tanker ships are used. To minimise losses, the hydrogen is cooled down to -253 °C at 1 bar pressure so that it can be stored...
Interface profiler
Ship and Yacht Building
Separation tanks on the deck of an FPSOs contain oil and water as well as other products. Mixing hydrocarbons with water can form an emulsified layer that makes it extremely difficult for operators to...
Manifold
Ship and Yacht Building
Hose connecting stations, also known as manifolds, connect the pipes and hoses that are required for cargo loading and offloading on tankers. To ensure the safety of facilities on shore and on board,...
Pumps in ballast water tanks
Ship and Yacht Building
Ballast water is taken on board seagoing vessels to ensure the stability of the ship when sailing with little or no cargo. The water is stored in ballast water tanks. To monitor the function of the pu...
Service tanks drinking water
Ship and Yacht Building
Drinking water is an essential commodity on a ship. It is stored separately in dedicated tanks. Depending on the type and size of the ship, different amounts of fresh water are required for drinking,...
Service tanks with grey and black water
Ship and Yacht Building
Waste water, known as grey/black water on ships, is treated on board larger vessels using ship-board clarification plants or it may be stored in special grey/black water tanks to await final disposal...
Ship position and draught
Ship and Yacht Building
Among the most important measurements on board ships are those for determining draught, trim and list. In general, one measuring point is placed on the bow and another is used in the aft. On larger sh...
Slop tank
Ship and Yacht Building
Usually a ship has two slop tanks, portside and starboard. This tank contains the water from the cleaning processes on a ship. Especially after sailing the procedure of tank cleaning is processed and...
Wave chamber
Ship and Yacht Building
Container ships can cause enormous damage to the quay if they dock improperly. When a container ship approaches, a giant wave, the so-called "swell", shoots between the columns and floods the chamber....
Cargo tanks on LNG carriers
Ship and Yacht Building
Liquefied gas is transported in insulated cargo tanks on LNG carriers at temperatures of -162 °C. The instrumentation used must be specially designed for these extreme temperatures. Pressure, level an...
Solar Energy
Expansion tank in a thermal solar plant
Energy
The solar heat captured in the mirror system of a thermal solar plant is transported via a heat transfer fluid (HTF) to the steam generator at the central turbine. The HTF normally has a temperature b...
Molten salt storage in a thermal solar plant
Energy
The important criterion for the location a thermal solar plant is gaining the optimal amount of sunlight energy available at that site over the year. Molten salt is used to store this thermal energy p...
Tomato Production
Autoclave
Food Industry
The aluminium cans are sterilised with steam at a temperature of 120 °C and a pressure of 3 bar in an autoclave. Then, while the cans are still in the autoclave, they are cooled down with water to a t...
Concentrator
Food Industry
The so-called Brix value (expressed in Brix degrees) is controlled in a concentrator. This value indicates the proportion of solids in a liquid (density). A certain Brix value is required, for example...
Mixer
Food Industry
Foods often consist of a mixture of different raw materials. Mixers are used, for example, to mix solids into liquids. The resulting mixture is then further processed or used in downstream processes,...
Plastic tank for chlorides and salts
Food Industry
Sodium chloride and calcium salts are stored in small plastic tanks. When necessary, these substances are added to the food as additives to regulate the pH value and consistency. The plant operator ne...
Rotary filling line
Food Industry
The selected, peeled tomatoes are packed in metal cans with a capacity of up to 10 kg. The telescopic filler automatically feeds the tomatoes into the cans. The level of the tomatoes on the turntabl...
Steam pressure peeler
Food Industry
The washed tomatoes are fed into the steam drum on a conveyor belt. They are first heated to about 115 °C. In the next process step, the tomatoes are cooled in a vacuum, which separates the skin from...
Supply tank of tomato filling machine
Food Industry
Tomatoes are stored in the supply tank of the filling machine. Reliable level measurement is important for an optimal filling process. A point level sensor is used to also prevent dry run.
Tank for pH value regulation
Food Industry
When correcting the pH value and adding ingredients; salt, sugar or citric acid are dissolved in water. Depending on the product, acids or bases are added to obtain the desired pH value in the final p...
Tomato juice filling machine
Food Industry
The empty cans enter the filling machine on a conveyor belt. As soon as an individual can reaches the appropriate position for filling, it is pulled in with the help of a pneumatic cylinder and filled...
Tomato juice heat exchanger
Food Industry
In the plate heat exchanger, the tomatoes are heated up to about +85 °C, depending on the product, so that all germs are killed. The tomatoes are heated in multiple sections, kept hot for a time and t...
Tomato pulper
Food Industry
In the pulper, the cores and skins are separated from the pulp of the tomatoes by means of centrifugal force. To ensure that this process runs efficiently and that there is no downtime, it is importan...
Washing line
Food Industry
Tomatoes are unloaded from the truck into the basin and, with the help of water, pumped through the washing line. Heavy materials such as stones and mud sink to the bottom and are caught by a flow in...
Wastewater Treatment
Chemical tanks
Water and Wastewater
Through the addition of chemicals, phosphates in the wastewater are precipitated out, for example in primary sedimentation, in aeration systems or in special precipitation and secondary clarifiers. Pr...
Coarse and fine screens
Water and Wastewater
Mechanical cleaning removes entrained floating matter with screens or sieves. This protects the downstream process stages from buildup, clogging and abrasion. Solids with diameters greater than 25 mm...
Combined Sewer Overflow (CSO)
Water and Wastewater
Large Combined Sewer Overflows (CSOs) protect the wastewater treatment plant from a capacity overload during heavy rain. The precipitation is temporarily stored and then delivered to the treatment pla...
Conditioning
Water and Wastewater
The applied chemicals and precipitants are suitably conditioned to ensure that they reach the wastewater in an optimal, low concentration. They are metered out according to the degree of pollution and...
Container
Water and Wastewater
After coarse/fine screening, sorted solids such as waste, plastics, sand and sludge are transported to special containers via conveyor belt. Reliable level measurement enables automatic notification t...
Digester
Water and Wastewater
The organic components of sewage sludge are decomposed under anaerobic conditions in heated, closed digestion tanks. In the process, combustible gases such as methane are released from the sludge. The...
Fuel tank
Water and Wastewater
Backup generators are a common safeguard at lift stations to maintain operation during power outages. Day tanks at each lift station and a main tank at the plant are used to store the fuel. To make su...
Gas pipeline
Water and Wastewater
The biogas generated from sewage sludge is used for environmentally friendly production of heat and electricity. It is transported to the storage tanks through a gas pipeline.
Gauge station
Water and Wastewater
Accurate monitoring of the river level is an important prerequisite to be able to react quickly and correctly in the event of a flood. Data recording and transmission via radio link is the optimal sol...
Grit trap
Water and Wastewater
Through circulation and aeration of the wastewater, mineral substances such as grit and sand settle to the bottom of the settling basin. Point level detection of settled sand under water prevents equi...
Grit washer
Water and Wastewater
Before the settled out sand can be used as recycled material, it is cleansed of organic matter in the sand washing plant. The washed sand is then dewatered in a screw press and discharged into a stora...
Gullies
Water and Wastewater
Buildup and deposits accumulate in gullies and raise the water level there. Since this can lead to blockages, gullies must be cleaned regularly. Reliable level measurement ensures that blockages are r...
Inlet channel
Water and Wastewater
Sewage and rainwater are often transported to the treatment plant in open collection channels or flumes. The flow rate is measured at various points in these channels. Measurement of the water flow at...
Lime silo
Water and Wastewater
In the nitrogen and phosphorus removal stage, lime is used to stabilize the pH value. Stored in silos, the lime is added to the wastewater as a solid or as an aqueous suspension. The silo content is m...
Mixing and equalization ponds
Water and Wastewater
These open pools even out peak loads and strong volume fluctuations. During periods of decreased load, the wastewater is pumped from the buffer pool into downstream biological treatment basins. A lev...
Process water tank
Water and Wastewater
The process water is collected in tanks or open basins. Pressure pumps deliver the water for cleaning and rinsing purposes to various locations in the wastewater treatment plant. To ensure an optimal...
Pump room
Water and Wastewater
To protect the process pumps, any leakage water, e.g. arising from a faulty pump seal, is detected and an alarm triggered. The pressure in the pipe is measured directly at the pump and displayed in th...
Pumping station
Water and Wastewater
Wastewater from households and businesses, together with surface water, is carried to the wastewater treatment plant via an extensive sewer network. If the natural gradient is not steep enough, numero...
Receiving watercourse
Water and Wastewater
After the wastewater has been treated, it is discharged into bodies of water through a drainage system. The local municiple water organisation requires measurement of the amount of wastewater being di...
Sewage screw lifting station
Water and Wastewater
The heavily soiled, greasy wastewater from households and commercial enterprises flows into the sewage lifting station. The dirty water and floating debris contained therein are raised to a higher lev...
Sewer network
Water and Wastewater
Wastewater from households and industrial operations is carried through a sewerage system to the clarification plant. In large sewer systems, the water levels are monitored at key points in the networ...
Sludge dewatering
Water and Wastewater
The digested sludge is dewatered prior to drying in centrifuges or filter presses. The sludge liquor thus obtained passes through the cleaning process of the WWTP once again. A level detector controls...
Sludge drying
Water and Wastewater
Through drying, the weight and volume of the sludge is further reduced. In the thermal drying unit, which is equipped with a belt drier and a hot (+80 to +130 °C) air stream, water is removed from the...
Sludge granulate silo
Water and Wastewater
After thermal drying, the sludge is stored in silos for further use. The granulated product is deposed of in landfills, used in agriculture or burned for energy generation. The level measurement and p...
Sludge receiving station
Water and Wastewater
Sewage sludge from small decentralized sewage treatment plants or sewer cleaning operations is delivered in special vehicles. It is collected in a receiving tank and then gradually fed into the main s...
Sludge storage tank
Water and Wastewater
The digested sewage sludge is pumped into a sludge storage tank. This tank serves as an intermediate storage facility before the sludge is fed to the centrifuge or pressed for mechanical dewatering. T...
Sludge thickening tank
Water and Wastewater
Before the sludge enters the digestion tower, it is stored in large vessels. During storage, the sludge is dewatered and thickened sometimes scrapers and agitators are used to accelerate the process.
Stormwater retention basin
Water and Wastewater
In case of heavy precipitation, excess rainwater is temporarily stored in open, artificial reservoirs. The water reservoir buffers the drainage and the water is pre-cleaned through natural settlement....
Vacuum sewerage system
Water and Wastewater
When new building zones are opened up, it is often quite expensive to build a sewerage network with the necessary downward slope. In such cases, a vacuum sewerage network offers an interesting alterna...
Biogas storage facility
Water and Wastewater
The methane gas extracted from the digestion tank is temporarily stored in a gas reservoir. Depending on the design of the gas storage facility, either a flexible diaphragm of plastic or a floating ro...
Wind Power
Gearbox oil tank in a wind turbine
Energy
In wind turbines, efficiency has top priority: the higher the availability of a turbine, the higher the profitability and the faster the investment pays off. Wind power is transferred from the turbine...
Wind turbine in an offshore wind farm
Energy
Wind turbines in offshore wind farms operate in an extremely harsh environment. Besides the buffeting of constant waves and often exceedingly strong winds, they have to withstand the corrosive effects...
Yacht Building
Fresh water and pool water tanks
Ship and Yacht Building
Every yacht has different tanks on board for storing hot water, pool water and drinking water. For drinking water, an especially hygienic measuring system is required.
Fuel tanks
Ship and Yacht Building
The fuel tanks are some of the most important on board. They store a variety of fuels; diesel for the main engine and power generators, petrol for jet skis and dinghies, even aviation fuel for the hel...
Grey water and black water tanks
Ship and Yacht Building
Wastewater accumulated on board is stored in grey or black water tanks up until its final disposal on land. The tanks are equipped with continuous level monitoring as well as point level detection to...
Acid slurry tanks
Refining and Petrochemicals
Acid slurries in the alkylation unit create an aggressive environment that requires robust, highly resistant level measurement instrumentation to withstand the conditions. Accurately reporting the pro...
Additive silos
Mining and Metal Production
Depending on the manufacturing process and the type of metal being produced, various additives such as lime are required. The products are stored in silos or concrete bunkers and usually fed to the pr...
Agitating tank
Pharmaceutical Industry
In the pharmaceutical industry, numerous liquids with widely different properties are required. Liquid intermediate products must be made available and held ready for further processes. To ensure smoo...
Alky settler
Refining and Petrochemicals
In an alkylation unit the acid settler is fed from the reactor vessel which is used to remove acid for recycling back into the reactor. The layers created in the separation process form interfaces tha...
Alumina powder silo
Mining and Metal Production
The alumina powder is kept ready in storage and day silos for subsequent smelting. Aluminium smelting is carried out in the fused salt electrolysis process, where pure liquid aluminium is extracted fr...
Alumina powder stirring tank
Mining and Metal Production
The extraction of Aluminium from natural deposits of bauxite requires complex and expensive processes. In the ‘Bayer process, the bauxite is first mixed with sodium hydroxide, autoclaved and then stir...
Amine contactor
Refining and Petrochemicals
Amine contactors introduce amine solutions to the incoming natural gas from the inlet separator to remove acidic components, such as H2S and CO2, from the process stream. The operator must accurately...
Ammonia separator
Chemical Industry
In the ammonia separator, the reaction gas mixture (ammonia, hydrogen, nitrogen, traces of methane) is cooled to the boiling point of ammonia (-33 °C). This condenses the ammonia gas. A bypass tube is...
Ammonia tank
Chemical Industry
The diffusion behaviour of ammonia is extreme, which means it can eventually pass through any conventional process fitting or elastomer seal. To avoid any long term leaks and unwanted outages, gas-tig...
Ash silo
Paper Industry
Large quantities of fibre waste are produced during paper production. These are dried and burned and the energy released during combustion is used as process heat or to generate electricity. The ash i...
Autoclave
Pharmaceutical Industry
In the production of medical consumables, autoclaves are commonly used for sterilization. Every autoclave has 4 chambers where medical products are sterilized. They work with dry, saturated steam at 2...
BTX separators
Refining and Petrochemicals
Precise interface monitoring in refinery separators is critical to product quality because it confirms there is complete separation. For liquid-liquid interface in a BTX (benzene, toluene, xylene) sep...
Ballast tanks
Oil and Gas Offshore
Floating drilling or pumping assets such as platforms or FPSOs are stabilized by filling or emptying ballast tanks with seawater. This enables operators to critically and safely manage the ballast and...
Batch holding tank on a filling system
Pharmaceutical Industry
Pharmaceutical products such as drugs and vaccines are held in batch filling holding tanks ready to be filled into injection vials under absolutely sterile conditions. After each batch, the holding ta...
Batching tank for coatings
Paper Industry
The press rolls are cleaned during product changes or shutdowns of the paper machine and then treated with a special coating agent. This protects them from adhesions and deposits that could cause the...
Batching tank for ointments
Pharmaceutical Industry
Many different ointments and creams are produced in batching tanks. The process conditions in batch production are typically characterized by high temperatures and vacuum. After each batch run, the ta...
Bitumen tank
Building Materials
Bitumen is an important ingredient in asphalt production. It binds stone aggregates together to form the finished asphalt. To enable cost-effective asphalt production, reliable level measurement and o...
Blending bed
Cement Industry
To attain high quality and uniform material consistency in the finished cement, the raw material is homogenized in a so-called blending bed. The rock is distributed evenly over the blending bed with a...
Blowdown drums
Refining and Petrochemicals
The blowdown drum is designed to allow the refinery to release any process or byproduct liquids including hydrocarbons, in a safe and controlled way that protects plant equipment and personnel. The bl...
Buffer and production silos
Building Materials
After crushing and screening, the different aggregates are transported via conveyor belts and distributed among the silos. Before further processing, the stones, gravel or rock flour are stored in buf...
Buffer tank
Mining and Metal Production
In the smelter, above the fused salt electrolysis bath there are small buffer tanks that are pneumatically fed via pipelines. The alumina powder is dispensed into the melt bath in small quantities fro...
Bulk solids stockpile
Building Materials
After being crushed, screened and sorted into different grain sizes, the gravel and sand are transported on conveyors and stored in large stockpiles. To automate the stockpiling levels and enable the...
Bulk storage tanks
Chemical Industry
Dependable storage is not only the basis for reliable production and supply, it also protects against raw material shortages and price volatility. In addition to regulations on the use of overfill pro...
Bulk storage tanks
Mining and Metal Production
Dependable storage is not only the basis for reliable production and supply, it also protects against raw material shortages and price volatility. In addition to regulations on the use of overfill pro...
CIP system - cleaning agent storage tanks
Pharmaceutical Industry
In the pharmaceutical industry, cleaning of process equipment takes place within the framework of a validated "Clean in Place (CIP)" process to ensure aseptic conditions are maintained in production e...
Capsule filling
Pharmaceutical Industry
The empty raw capsules and the active ingredient pellets are stored above the filling machine. Reliable level measurement is required here to ensure a continuous supply to the process. The capsules ar...
Cement silo
Cement Industry
Before further processing, the cement is stored in tall silos. The cement is transported both in and out of the silo via pneumatic conveying. Efficient storage and transport of the product is ensured...
Chlorine storage tank
Chemical Industry
Chlorine production and storage places high demands on the chemical and the diffusion resistance of the materials in the production equipment. Extensive process knowledge and experience is required wh...
Cleaner
Paper Industry
Cleaners remove contaminating materials that are specifically heavier than fibres. In waste paper processing, these contaminants are, for example, sand, glass, stones or staples. The feed through the...
Clinker cooler
Cement Industry
To produce cement, the raw meal is burned to clinker in a long rotary kiln. After leaving the rotary kiln, the clinker has a temperature of up to +1300 °C and must be cooled down to a temperature of a...
Clinker silo
Cement Industry
After the raw meal is burned, the emerging clinker of varying consistency is stored for further processing. The silos are filled and emptied through different openings. Continuous operation of the sub...
Coke drums
Refining and Petrochemicals
Delayed coking units are a critical step in the refining process - this is where downtime, inefficiency, and overfill are not an option. They generate extreme heat during operation and are very large...
Coke oven
Mining and Metal Production
Coke provides the necessary process heat, serves as a metal reducing agent and is a supporting matrix in the blast furnace. To achieve a high quality coke, the pressures in each of the separate ovens...
Coke silo
Refining and Petrochemicals
Coke is often stored in very tall silos. Coke product is also susceptible to plugging the chute as the vessel empties. To accurately measure and monitor the level in these silos, especially during fil...
Coke stacker
Refining and Petrochemicals
After the coke is extracted from the drums it is stored in silos or stockpiles. Reliable level measurement is an absolute must for automating the stockpiling process and ensuring optimal levels.
Column trays
Chemical Industry
Accurate level control of the distillation unit ensures product quality of the hydrocarbon at the different cuts, but this is made difficult due to hot liquids flashing, buildup and high temperature....
Column trays
Refining and Petrochemicals
Accurate level control of the distillation unit ensures product quality of the hydrocarbon at the different cuts, but this is made difficult due to hot liquids flashing, buildup and high temperature....
Compressor
Cement Industry
The air compressor system generates the necessary compressed air to transport the material from the silos via the network of feed pipes. To ensure a smooth, steady flow of material, reliable pressure...
Compressor knockout drum
Refining and Petrochemicals
The vapour liquid separation that occurs in a knockout drum protects the waste or cooling stream from process vapours and compressors from water. This crucial measurement point means it requires const...
Condensate storage tanks
Refining and Petrochemicals
Throughout the different process units, there are storage vessels that collect clean, reusable condensate. This condensate accumulates from the steam system that is used to heat the various hydrocarbo...
Condenser (WFI)
Pharmaceutical Industry
The so-called aqua purificata evaporated in the steam separator is condensed to high purity water (WFI) in the condenser. Inside the condenser there is a cooling system that cools the steam to make it...
Continuous catalyst regeneration
Refining and Petrochemicals
Platformers and reformers, both catalyst-based processes, require “fresh” catalyst at a given point in their cycle. To provide fresh catalyst without shutting down the process, a continuous catalyst r...
Conveyor belt
Building Materials
Bulk aggregates are fed into production processes via conveyor belts or screw conveyors. For effective feed control to and from these processes, or inter-production unit billing, the mass flow of the...
Conveyor belt
Cement Industry
Bulk aggregates are fed into production processes via conveyor belts or screw conveyors. For effective feed control to and from these processes, or inter-production unit billing, the mass flow of the...
Conveyor belt
Mining and Metal Production
Bulk aggregates are fed into production processes via conveyor belts or screw conveyors. For effective feed control to and from these processes, or inter-production unit billing, the mass flow of the...
Conveyor belt transfer station
Building Materials
The transport of coarse and fine bulk solids within a stone processing facility takes place in most cases via conveyor belts. To achieve an even throughput and compensate for volume fluctuations durin...
Conveyor belt transfer station
Cement Industry
The transport of coarse and fine bulk solids within a stone processing facility takes place in most cases via conveyor belts. To achieve an even throughput and compensate for volume fluctuations durin...
Coolant tank
Mining and Metal Production
The cooling water is collected in tanks. Pressure pumps provide the water for cooling the manufacturing process. Level measurement in the coolant tanks ensures that there is always sufficient water av...
Cooling tower basin
Refining and Petrochemicals
At the bottom of the cooling tower there are nozzles for atomizing and cooling incoming hot water. As the heated water is sprayed up inside the cooling tower, it warms the air, which expands, flows up...
Coupling vessel
Chemical Industry
The main reaction in colour pigment production takes place in the ‘coupling’ vessel. So named as a type of coupling reaction occurs here to form a synthetic ‘azo dye’, which is then converted into dif...
Crusher
Building Materials
Large boulders are loosened from the solid bedrock through blasting. Further steps are then required to process the rock into basic building materials such as crushed rock, gravel or sand. The large s...
Crusher
Cement Industry
The large boulders are extracted from the solid bedrock with blasting. This very first stage in the process is needed to enable these very large rocks to be crushed by smaller, secondary jaw and rolle...
Crusher
Mining and Metal Production
To be able to transport and further process the largest possible production volumes, the ore must have an optimal size. To achieve this, the ore is crushed to the correct size in two stages, in a prim...
Cyclone
Cement Industry
In clinker production, cyclones are used to preheat the raw meal. Before the raw meal enters the rotary kiln it is preheated to +900 °C in the cyclone. Constant monitoring of the buildup thickness on...
Deaerator
Paper Industry
The approach flow system connects the stock preparation facility with the paper machine. Here, the pulp for the paper machine is diluted to the required consistency. Additionally, the approach flow sy...
Debutanizer
Refining and Petrochemicals
Accurate level control of the debutanizer ensures product quality of the obtained hydrocarbons, but this is made difficult due to hot liquids flashing, buildup and high temperature. Even through quick...
Deethanizer
Refining and Petrochemicals
Accurate level control of the deethanizer ensures product quality of the obtained hydrocarbons, but this is made difficult due to hot liquids flashing, buildup and high temperature. Even through quick...
Depropanizer
Refining and Petrochemicals
Accurate level control of the depropanizer ensures product quality of the obtained hydrocarbons, but this is made difficult due to hot liquids flashing, buildup and high temperature. Even through quic...
Dewatering column
Environment and Recycling
The waste oil is heated to a temperature of 105 °C in the lower section of the column. Here, the water evaporates and is pumped away after it condenses. After reaching the appropriate temperature, the...
Dewatering wells in open cast mining
Environment and Recycling
In open cast mining, the groundwater levels must be continuously reduced to protect the mining area from flooding and the excavation walls from instability due to water pressure. A large number of dew...
Diazotization vessel
Chemical Industry
In the diazotization process, the individual raw materials for colour pigment production are prepared so that they will react to become diazonium compounds ready for the subsequent ‘coupling’ vessel w...
Digester
Paper Industry
In the digester, the action of chemical dissolution removes the lignin binder, thereby exposing and freeing the cellulose fibres. During the cooking process according to the alkaline sulphate method,...
Discharge chute of the belt dryer
Chemical Industry
The final, still wet pigment cake is heated on a belt dryer. At the end of the belt dryer, the dried coarse pigment powder is discharged into a silo ready for final milling and grinding into a fine po...
Disposable plastic container
Pharmaceutical Industry
When very small product batches are produced in the pharmaceutical industry, disposable plastic containers are often used. These are essentially polymer bags in which a fermentation process takes plac...
Dissolving tank
Chemical Industry
The precursors for the manufacture of colour pigments are dissolved in the dissolving tank. These precursors are mainly Naphtha based, and, depending on the formulation, water and sodium hydroxide sol...
Distillation column
Chemical Industry
The process temperatures in a distillation column place high demands on the measurement technologies deployed. The boiling point of the distillate frequently exceeds 400 °C. The aim is to achieve the...
Distillation column
Refining and Petrochemicals
The heavy, highly viscous process material and extreme temperature are located in the bottom part of the distillation. For level control of residual feeds, a non-contact measurement is essential for r...
Distillation vessel
Pharmaceutical Industry
Solvents are used in the pharmaceutical industry for extracting active ingredients. They are then recovered via evaporation in a high-vacuum distillation vessel. After the solvent has been removed fro...
Drum coater storage tank
Pharmaceutical Industry
In the pharmaceutical industry, tablets are coated with colouring agents or active ingredients in a drum coater. This coating in the form of a liquid suspension, contains colouring or solids and is st...
Drying facility for wood pellets
Energy
Point level detection with capacitive level switch at the charging point of the belt dryer.
Drying-cylinder
Paper Industry
The residual moisture content of the paper web is removed by steam-heated cylinders in the drying section of the paper machine. The drying process removes heat from the steam, which then forms a thin...
Dump chest
Paper Industry
The fibre suspension created in the pulper is first drawn off into a dump chest. There it is temporarily stored for the further stages of the stock preparation process. Typical process challenges in t...
Evaporator
Aquaculture
Fish waste is one of the highest quality raw materials for the production of oils. These oils are, among other things, the source of omega-3 oil. The distillation-based production of the oil requires...
Feed line compressors
Aquaculture
When rearing fish larvae to the young adult stage in onshore systems, the optimal amount of oxygen in the water is a necessary criterion for growth. To reliably and cost-efficiently monitor the compre...
Feed pellet silo
Aquaculture
As well as the type of fish being farmed, it is the feed coefficient, the so-called "fish in – fish out" ratio, that determines the required quantity and appropriate composition of feed. To ensure on-...
Feeding barges
Aquaculture
To feed the fish, automatic systems distribute feed pellets from the storage containers. In floating facilities, there are several storage containers located next to the "grow-out tanks" for this purp...
Filling silo for colour pigment
Chemical Industry
In the last production step, the finished pigment powders are pneumatically conveyed into packing silos. The conveying system generates very high dust levels and air movement inside the silos. To con...
Filter system
Pharmaceutical Industry
Often, in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals, substances need to be separated from one another or perhaps some cell components precipitated. One method of doing this is using special filtration system...
Filter system for coarse dirt
Aquaculture
In on-shore facilities, reliable filtration ensures the required water quality. This is achieved through the use of mechanical drum and disc filters. They form a multi-stage system, where automatic fl...
Finished product tanks
Refining and Petrochemicals
Reliable level measurement of crude and bulk liquids storage tanks in a refinery is necessary for inventory management and overspill protection. Multiple measurement devices can fit into a single proc...
Fish farming tank
Aquaculture
Under ideal conditions, a wide variety of fish species can live in indoor and outdoor tanks, either in or near the sea. It is extremely important that the tanks are reliably monitored against leakage...
Fixed roof storage tanks
Refining and Petrochemicals
Level measurement of crude and bulk liquids storage tanks in a refinery is necessary for inventory management and overspill protection. Multiple measurement devices can fit into a single process fitti...
Flare knockout drum
Chemical Industry
The unrecoverable residues of oil and gas production are collected in the flare knockout drum and liquefied at high pressure. The recovered liquid, the condensate, collects at the bottom of the vessel...
Flare knockout drum
Oil and Gas Offshore
The unrecoverable residues of oil and gas production are collected in the flare knockout drum and liquefied at high pressure. The recovered liquid, the condensate, collects at the bottom of the vessel...
Flare knockout drum
Refining and Petrochemicals
The flare knockout drum requires continuous, accurate level monitoring to keep liquids from reaching the flare and creating a potential fire hazard. In order to ensure safety of process by performing...
Flexible Intermediate Bulk Container (Bulk bag, BigBag)
Pharmaceutical Industry
Granular raw materials are delivered and stored in Flexible Intermediate Bulk Containers (FIBC) also known as ‘Bulk Bags’ or ‘BigBags’. The raw materials are fed to the various process stages via conv...
Flue gas scrubber
Environment and Recycling
Flue gas from waste incineration must be cleaned before it is released into the environment. Flue gas scrubbers do this by removing acidic gas components such as sulphur dioxide. Lime water is used as...
Fluid catalytic cracking unit
Refining and Petrochemicals
Fluid Catalytic Cracking (FCC) is one of the most important conversion processes used in petroleum refineries. As with many other refining applications, the vessels in the reactor system need to be op...
Fluidized bed reactor
Pharmaceutical Industry
One method for producing and drying granulates is the fluidized bed process. A uniform stream of air is fed up through a distributor plate at the bottom of the fluidized bed reactor. A liquid granule...
Fractionator
Refining and Petrochemicals
Accurate level control of the fractionator ensures product quality of the obtained hydrocarbons, but this is made difficult due to hot liquids flashing, buildup and high temperature. Even through quic...
Froth flotation cell
Mining and Metal Production
To work efficiently, flotation cells depend on continuous froth formation. If the froth layer is too thin, it cannot transport the sufficient amount of dispersed or suspended particles to the surface....
Gas scrubber
Chemical Industry
Carbon dioxide is separated from a gas mixture via two scrubbing columns. The gas mixture consisting of nitrogen, hydrogen and carbon dioxide passes through a gas pipeline into the first stage gas scr...
Gauge station
Environment and Recycling
Accurate monitoring of the river level is an important prerequisite to be able to react quickly and correctly in the event of a flood. Visual, on-site level monitoring requires great effort, particula...
Headbox
Paper Industry
The paper suspension is pumped into the headbox of the paper machine. Via the hydraulically pressurized headbox it passes through a tapered cross-flow distributor and manifold, through the rectangular...
Heat recovery boiler
Chemical Industry
In the heat recovery boiler, hot process gas is passed through heating pipes. This means the gas is cooled and the necessary process heat for the plant recovered to be reused. To prevent the heat reco...
Hexane storage tank
Pharmaceutical Industry
In pharmaceutical production, Hexane is a commonly used solvent and reaction medium, as well as an agent for oil and grease extraction. This colourless liquid has a slight petrol odour and is highly v...
High temperature separators
Refining and Petrochemicals
Exact interface measurement in high temperature separators is important for ensuring the quality of the separation process. Continuous control of the interface between oil and water ensures that oil i...
Holding tanks
Refining and Petrochemicals
Buffer and storage tanks are needed at numerous places in refineries for storing the input and output materials of the various process steps. The containers have different geometries, ranging from hor...
Hydraulic oil reservoir tank
Oil and Gas Offshore
The hydraulic oil used to transmit power circulates in a closed system. However, it is gradually lost due to lubrication points and leakages in the power equipment. To ensure optimum operation of the...
Hydraulic oil station
Paper Industry
In the press section of a paper machine, very high pressures are needed for dewatering the stock. Hydraulic oil stations provide the supply to the various parts of the machine as well as filtering and...
Hydrocracker
Refining and Petrochemicals
Heavy oil residues are processed in the hydrocracker, such as atmospheric and vacuum residue. Fresh catalyst is continuously added and used catalyst is withdrawn, enabling product quality over time. T...
IBC containers for paper chemicals
Paper Industry
Various chemicals are used in paper manufacturing to achieve the desired properties in the end product. The media are supplied directly to the production areas in IBC containers and added to the paper...
IBC containers with cleaning agents
Aquaculture
Water and cleaning agents are used to efficiently clean the feed pellet containers. These media are stored on site, for example on a feeding barge or on a supply ship. Reliable level measurement ensur...
IBC-Tank (metallic)
Chemical Industry
In many of the production processes in the chemical industry, small quantities of various chemicals are needed in order to improve the characteristics of certain products. The media are often provided...
IBC-Tank (plastic)
Chemical Industry
In many of the production processes in the chemical industry, small quantities of various chemicals are needed in order to improve the characteristics of certain products. The media are often provided...
Incinerator
Environment and Recycling
To ensure that the waste burns completely, temperatures up to 1000 °C must be maintained. For this purpose, large amounts of primary air from below and secondary air from above are blown in. Air quant...
Incinerator feed chute
Environment and Recycling
After the crane system lifts the waste from the waste bunker and drops it to the feed chute, in the lower part of the chute, a hydraulic piston pushes the waste onto the combustion grate. It is import...
Intermediate hazardous waste storage tank
Environment and Recycling
Both chemical and thermal processes are used to treat hazardous waste. For efficient processing, the flow rate through the processing facility must be kept constant. To facilitate this, hazardous wast...
Intermediate tank for fish waste treatment
Aquaculture
Since the fish scraps left over from filleting still contain a lot of usable substances, they are processed further. To enable simple, mechanical processing, these leftovers are pre-processed for the...
LPG spherical tank
Refining and Petrochemicals
LPG tanks are usually only accessible for service and maintenance work every few years during shut-down periods. In addition, the containers are mostly installed underground or covered with earth. The...
Large storage silos
Building Materials
To ensure continuous production, even if material production is interrupted, the raw materials are stored in large bunkers with heights of over 30 m and diameters of up to 20 m. The large dimensions o...
Leachate well
Environment and Recycling
Pollutants contained in the waste are partly washed out over time by rainwater, posing a significant threat to groundwater and surface water. For that reason, leachate is caught in drains within the g...
Lime kiln
Building Materials
A lime kiln is used to produce quicklime through the calcination of limestone. Here the furnace is filled from the top and the calcined limestone (quicklime) is collected at the bottom of the furnace....
Lime powder silo
Building Materials
After the calcined lime is cooled, it is sorted into different sizes and stored for further processing. Most of the lime is further processed to lime powder. For optimum production planning, a reliab...
Liquid waste buffer tank
Pharmaceutical Industry
In preparation for proper disposal, liquid wastes that arise in the production of pharmaceuticals are temporarily stored in buffer tanks. These potentially hazardous mixtures consist of diverse media...
Medium-sized silos for bulk solids
Chemical Industry
Many different kinds of bulk solids are produced or used as raw materials in the chemical industry. To ensure reliable measurement of the silo contents, several factors must be considered: different b...
Mixing Vessel
Pharmaceutical Industry
Mixing vessels are applied for preparation, storage and transfer of a wide range of pharmaceutical products. These vessels are used for the manufacture of antibiotics, blood plasma products, and injec...
Mixing tower
Building Materials
Materials such as concrete and mortar are needed in widely different compositions depending on the application. The various raw materials are stored in segmented towers, which then blend cement, lime...
Mobile diesel tanks
Building Materials
Diesel is stored in tanks on construction sites to supply the construction vehicles with fuel directly on site. A sufficient supply of diesel fuel is essential for optimal construction site operation....
Mobile diesel tanks
Cement Industry
Diesel is stored in tanks on construction sites to supply the construction vehicles with fuel directly on site. A sufficient supply of diesel fuel is essential for optimal construction site operation....
Mobile storage tanks
Building Materials
Safe filling and timely routing of tanker trucks is essential for reliable bitumen supply. The medium is hot and viscous and places high demands on both handling and safety. Accurate level measurement...
Mud flow return line
Oil and Gas Offshore
The drilling mud flowing back from the drilling contains large amounts of solids. To avoid clogging in these pipes and the associated damage to the drill head and loss of production, a reliable monito...
Mud tank level
Oil and Gas Offshore
In the mud tanks, agitators or jet nozzles stir and mix the mud to ensure a homogeneous mixture. To enable a continuous process, the level measurement must be reliable and independent of the compositi...
Mud tanks
Oil and Gas Offshore
Prior to, and during pumping into the well, the density of the mud needs continuous monitoring. Density is an important criteria for determining the correct composition of the drilling mud. The correc...
Oil separators
Oil and Gas Offshore
The separator vessel contains a mixture of crude oil, gas, water and sand extracted from the subsea well. Precise monitoring of these multiple separation interfaces and emulsions play a vital role in...
Oil skim tank
Refining and Petrochemicals
Accurate measurement in oil skim and separation tanks is critical to product quality because there is complete separation of oil and gas possible. For liquid-liquid interface monitoring an accurate me...
Ore storage silo
Mining and Metal Production
Mined ore is transported via conveyor systems to large above ground or underground silos and stored there until it is used in production. A reliable level measurement is required to determine the cont...
Ore thickener
Mining and Metal Production
Extracted minerals are fed to the thickener as a slurry via a trough. The solids are settled out into the bottom of the tank, in a process accelerated through the addition of flocculants. Precise dens...
Pipeline in the liquor recovery process
Paper Industry
The black liquor resulting from pulp cooking is regenerated and fed back into the digester. Liquor regeneration comprises several process steps. The processes take place at high temperatures and press...
Plastic granule silo
Environment and Recycling
Complete plastic windows can be recycled by means of a special process. The recycling process results in a final product of high-quality, pure-grade PVC granules, which serve as a raw material for new...
Pool condenser
Chemical Industry
In a pool condenser, ammonium carbamate is produced from a mixture of carbon dioxide and ammonia under high pressure. The ammonium carbamate, in turn, is the starting material for the subsequent main...
Preflash drum
Chemical Industry
In the preflash drum, the medium is heated before it is fed into the distillation column. Accurate and reliable level control is a critical factor in ensuring efficient operation of the distillation c...
Preflash drum
Refining and Petrochemicals
In the preflash drum, the medium is heated before it is fed into the distillation column. Accurate and reliable level control is a critical factor in ensuring efficient operation of the distillation c...
Preparation tank for solvents
Pharmaceutical Industry
The various solvents and intermediate carrier materials have to be first prepared before they proceed onto further production steps. This is usually carried out in bioreactors and fermentation tanks....
Pressure screen
Paper Industry
Pressure screens are used to filter out impurities and separate fibres in stock preparation. A rotating screen basket inside the filter does the actual filtering. Pressure screens have an inlet for th...
Primary desalter
Oil and Gas Offshore
It is important that a desalter unit runs efficiently to prevent corrosion to downstream equipment. When the crude oil mixes with the emulsifying chemicals and water, the resulting emulsion layer make...
Primary desalter
Refining and Petrochemicals
It is important that a desalter unit runs efficiently to prevent corrosion to downstream equipment. When the crude oil mixes with the emulsifying chemicals and water, the resulting emulsion layer make...
Primary reformer
Chemical Industry
In the primary reformer, methane gas and water vapour react into hydrogen, oxygen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide at a pressure of around 30 bar and a temperature of 870 °C. Since the temperature...
Propane bullets
Refining and Petrochemicals
Propane, a flammable, colourless and odourless gas, is one of the many types of liquefied petroleum gases (LPG) that exist. It is produced from natural gas via a special refining process. Propane is c...
Propane storage in bullets and spheres
Chemical Industry
Propane, a flammable, colourless and odourless gas, is one of the many types of liquefied petroleum gases (LPG) that exist. It is produced from natural gas via a special refining process. Propane is c...
Pulper
Paper Industry
Waste paper or pulp bales are transported on a conveyor belt to the pulper, where they are broken down by adding process water. A stirrer speeds up to separate fibers. Difficult process conditions exi...
Pump monitoring
Aquaculture
Recirculation aquaculture systems (RAS) score points with their low water consumption. In such systems, water is treated and reused in a way that conserves resources. This is facilitated by circulatin...
Pump tank
Mining and Metal Production
Bauxite, lime and sodium hydroxide are ground and mixed in a ball mill – the mixture turns into a red slurry, which is then conveyed into the pumping tank. Some of the balls from the mill can potentia...
Pumps for wet strength agent
Paper Industry
Wet strength agents are polymeric additives that enhance water resistance properties, especially in sanitary and specialty papers. They are applied in the paper machine via a size press or spraying de...
Pyrolysis chamber and ash container
Environment and Recycling
Waste incineration converts domestic and commercial waste into combustible gases and ash. Pyrolysis is carried out in the absence of air at temperatures up to 500 °C. The intermediate product, charcoa...
Quicklime silo
Paper Industry
Quicklime is an important substance for the recovery of lye in pulp production. It is produced in the lime kiln through the combustion of lime sludge from causticisation. The quicklime is conveyed via...
Raw meal silo
Cement Industry
Before being burned in the rotary kiln, the material from the blending bed and the aggregates are ground to a fine raw meal in large mills. The powdery material is then transported to the silo by a pn...
Reaction vessel
Chemical Industry
Changing media, as well as process pressures and temperatures, characterize the typical reaction processes in a reaction vessel. This is a big engineering challenge, because any sensors used to contro...
Reaction vessel
Pharmaceutical Industry
The measuring conditions inside a reaction vessel in a multi-product, multi-line production facility are characterized by changing media as well as widely fluctuating temperatures and pressures. Depen...
Reaction vessel with solvents
Pharmaceutical Industry
The key component in the manufacture of pharmaceutical products is the reactor. Different raw materials are mixed with solvents and made to react by applying heat and pressure. During this process, th...
Reactor
Chemical Industry
High temperatures, pressures and vacuums are techniques usually employed to make reaction processes more efficient and economical. This is a big challenge for engineering, because the sensors used ha...
Reactor
Environment and Recycling
In a recycling company, oil sludge, oil/water mixtures and emulsions from many industrial processes are collected and treated. The objective is to separate the oil and water for recovery, purification...
Reactor
Mining and Metal Production
Aluminium powder suspension is an intermediate for titanium sponge production. In the reactor, vanadium oxide trichloride is removed from the aluminium powder suspension. When the aluminium powder sus...
Reboiler
Chemical Industry
Evaporators are heat exchangers that are deployed at the bottom of distillation columns. In the evaporator, the residue is boiled up from the sump and fed back into the distillation process. Precise c...
Reboiler
Refining and Petrochemicals
Evaporators are heat exchangers that are deployed at the bottom of distillation columns. In the evaporator, the residue is boiled up from the sump and fed back into the distillation process. Precise c...
Receiving tank for hazardous waste
Environment and Recycling
Hazardous waste can include lacquers, paints and thinners, as well as acids, alkalis and mixtures. At hazardous waste treatment facilities, environmentally harmful substances are converted into enviro...
Refiner
Paper Industry
Refiners are used in paper production to grind up pulp. The main objective of the process is to impart certain properties to the pulp. Every refiner has a grinding set consisting of both fixed and rot...
Reflux accumulator drum
Chemical Industry
The efficiency of a distillation column is increased with the help of return flow. The return flow in this case is that portion of the condensed liquid head product that is fed back to the upper part...
Reflux accumulator drum
Refining and Petrochemicals
The efficiency of a distillation column is increased with the help of return flow. The return flow in this case is that portion of the condensed liquid head product that is fed back to the upper part...
Reverse osmosis
Aquaculture
When transporting live fish, the operators of aqua farms do everything in their power to carry out the task as efficiently, gently and stress-free (for the fish) as possible, usually with the help of...
Salt silo
Building Materials
During the winter season the highways and road maintenance departments safeguard the roads, public squares and pedestrian paths by clearing off snow and ice. The quantities of road salt required are s...
Secondary desalter
Oil and Gas Offshore
To maximize efficiency of the electrostatic grid as it removes contaminants within second and third stage desalters, a crucial point of control is to maintain the oil and water interface just below th...
Secondary desalter
Refining and Petrochemicals
To maximize efficiency of the electrostatic grid as it removes contaminants within second and third stage desalters, a crucial point of control is to maintain the oil and water interface just below th...
Separation vessel
Chemical Industry
These processes often involve the separation of water-based media from hydrocarbons. In most applications, the upper, lighter medium is electrically non-conductive. Guided radar level measurement make...
Separator
Refining and Petrochemicals
Exact interface measurement in separators is important for ensuring the quality of the separation process. Continuous control of the interface between oil and water ensures that oil is not inadvertent...
Shaker
Oil and Gas Offshore
Through the effects of strong vibration in the shaker, the liquid and solid components of the drilling mud returning from the borehole are separated from each other. The drilled rock and the sand are...
Silage mill
Aquaculture
After mixing with acid, the ground fish scraps are mixed and ground again. Pressure sensors are used to monitor the mill. They enable immediate detection of any malfunction of the mill. This ensures u...
Silage tank
Aquaculture
Fish waste and scraps are the valuable raw material for fish silage, which in turn is a protein-rich raw material for the production of fish meal and dry fish feed. The acids used during production en...
Silo for crushed glass
Environment and Recycling
Glass is made of quartz sand, lime and soda, which are melted together at extremely high temperatures up to 1600 °C. This melting process is very energy intensive and for that reason, more easily melt...
Silo for ready mixed asphalt
Building Materials
Different qualities are required from the asphalt depending on the usage and climatic conditions, so every asphalt mixture varies depending on the application. Asphalt is always extremely viscous, hot...
Silo for solid fuels
Cement Industry
Large amounts of energy are needed to burn clinker in rotary kilns. Apart from conventional energy sources such as gas, oil and coal, solid substitute fuels such as dried sewage sludge, old tires or m...
Silos for bulk solids
Chemical Industry
In the chemical industry, many different kinds of bulk solids are produced or used as raw materials. To ensure reliable measurement of silo contents, many factors must be considered: different bulk de...
Sintering plant
Mining and Metal Production
After sintering, the hot material is cooled down to a temperature of about 150 °C in the sintering cooler. The feed rate of the sintering belt is controlled to ensure that the material is thrown off a...
Sour water stripper
Refining and Petrochemicals
Safe and reliable measurement of the separation layers in the sour water stripper is extremely important in preventing sour water from accidentally getting into other parts of the plant. Sour water is...
Stacker
Cement Industry
To maintain a high quality and uniform material consistency in the finished cement, the raw materials are homogenized in a blending bed. To achieve this the rock is distributed evenly over the blendin...
Starch silo
Paper Industry
Starch is an important additive to increase the strength of the paper. The raw starch is stored in tall, narrow silos. Filling is carried out pneumatically, generating large amounts of dust. They are...
Steam boiler
Chemical Industry
High process pressures and a highly compressed vapour phase are the normal operating conditions inside boilers. The size of the steam generator is what determines the quantity of saturated steam that...
Steam boiler
Pharmaceutical Industry
High process pressures and a highly compressed vapour phase are the normal operating conditions inside boilers. The size of the steam generator is what determines the quantity of saturated steam that...
Steam drum
Refining and Petrochemicals
High pressure steam is critical for the operation of the refinery. For the production and reliable supply of steam, accurate level measurement is required that allows efficient operation of the steam...
Steam pipeline
Paper Industry
Steam is needed in the drying section of the paper machine. There it is used to heat the drying cylinders for drying the paper web. The steam is usually generated in the company's own power plant and...
Steam separator (WFI)
Pharmaceutical Industry
In the production of ultrapure water (WFI), the process begins with aqua purificata being fed into the steam separator. The aqua purificata evaporates there and is fed into the condenser. Evaporation...
Storage and buffer tanks
Chemical Industry
Storage and buffer tanks enable a reliable material supply for various ongoing processes. The plant operators need to have exact level data from these tanks at all times to ensure timely replenishment...
Storage and buffer tanks
Refining and Petrochemicals
Storage and buffer tanks enable a reliable material supply for various ongoing processes. The plant operators need to have exact level data from these tanks at all times to ensure timely replenishment...
Storage tank
Chemical Industry
In the production of pigments, aggressive raw materials such as chlorobenzene, hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide are used. They are stored in horizontal cylindrical tanks and filled through a dip...
Storage tank for liquid raw materials
Oil and Gas Offshore
Oils and alkaline solutions are among the liquid raw materials for the mud mixtures. These additives are stored on the drilling platform in special storage tanks. To ensure the continuous production o...
Storage tank for solid raw materials
Oil and Gas Offshore
The solid raw materials such as gravel, clay, barite, cement and binders are essential for creating the different properties of the drilling mud. These materials are stored for mud production in stora...
Storage tank for wet strength agent
Paper Industry
Wet strength agents are polymeric additives that increase the water resistance particularly of hygienic and specialty papers. These are applied in the paper machine via a size press or spraying device...
Storage tanks for additives
Mining and Metal Production
For many processes, additives such as sulfuric or hydrochloric acid are required. These are kept ready for use in storage tanks. Level measurement is needed here to ensure availability of the additive...
Storage tanks for chemicals and auxiliary substances
Paper Industry
The targeted addition of chemicals and auxiliary substances influences the properties and quality of the paper. Common additives are hydrogen peroxide as well as alkalis, acids and fillers. These chem...
Storage tanks for highly toxic liquids
Chemical Industry
For extremely toxic substances such as phosgene, absolute control over the process is a necessity. In industrial applications, these products are only used in hermetically closed circuits. To minimize...
Storage tanks for liquids
Pharmaceutical Industry
Many different liquids with widely varying properties are required in pharmaceutical production. Products, at all stages have to be stored and held ready for subsequent processing. These are used as c...
Storage tanks for toxic liquids
Chemical Industry
Some chemical processes generate extremely toxic intermediates that have to be stored under the most stringent security measures. In order to be used in this application, the measurement technology mu...
Storage tanks for toxic liquids
Mining and Metal Production
Some processes generate toxic intermediates that have to be stored in compliance with strict safety regulations. In order to be used in this area, the measurement technology deployed must meet special...
Storage towers
Paper Industry
Large quantities of prepared stock are needed to keep a paper mill running continuously. This material is stored in high storage towers. They are characterised by their large material throughput and a...
Stripper
Chemical Industry
Impurities are separated from urea in a special process tank, the so-called stripper. The unwanted substances are removed from the urea by means of a counter current of carbon dioxide to the flow from...
Stripping column for landfill leachate
Environment and Recycling
In the stripping column process, the nitrogen and carbon compounds are decomposed by various microorganisms. Special carrier materials are packed in the central part of the reactor, which improve the...
Styrofoam silo
Building Materials
In the manufacture of stucco with special insulating properties, Styrofoam is also added to the traditional sand, lime and cement mixture. With a bulk density of only a few grams per litre, Styrofoam...
Sulphur decanter
Refining and Petrochemicals
In a sulphur decanter, the operator must manually verify the interface level of the sulphur deposits as they slowly build up under the water. An instrument that can automate the measurement and enable...
Sumps
Refining and Petrochemicals
The level in the sumps around a refinery must be reliably monitored to prevent overfilling and subsequent pollution, or pump overload. Balanced pump utilization is possible thanks to a pump control ro...
Tank feeder
Aquaculture
The pipes installed above the fish tanks enable demand-oriented, automatic feeding at any time of day. To this end, the storage tanks are continuously monitored to make sure they contain sufficient fi...
Tank for liquid fuels
Cement Industry
Large amounts of energy are needed to burn clinker in rotary kilns. Substitute liquid fuels such as spent oils or recovered solvents are often used for this purpose. The fuel storage tanks often conta...
Tanks for solvents
Chemical Industry
Low viscosity solvents can degrade many types of plastics. This places increased demands on the process instrumentation. A separate level detection system is required for protection against overfillin...
Torpedo car
Mining and Metal Production
After the blast furnace is tapped, the molten pig iron flows into torpedo cars at a temperature of over 1400 °C, then transported to the foundry or converter for further processing. A reliable level...
Transport containers
Building Materials
In order to process building materials such as mortar, plaster or grout effectively, they are delivered directly to the construction site in transport silos. There, water is added as required and the...
Transport containers for liquids
Pharmaceutical Industry
In many of the production processes in the pharmaceutical industry, small quantities of various chemicals are needed in order to improve the characteristics of certain products. The media are often pr...
Trip tank
Oil and Gas Offshore
The drilling mud flowing back under high pressure from the drilling well is held and monitored in the trip tank. This drilling mud is contaminated with sea water, rocks and sand. In addition to materi...
Truck loading
Building Materials
Dust-free, closed loading systems are needed for fine aggregates and finished products such as cement. Automated loading of trucks is preferred in the industry and, while the load quantity is determin...
Truck loading
Cement Industry
Dust-free, closed loading systems are needed for fine aggregates and finished products such as cement. Automated loading of trucks is preferred in the industry and, while the load quantity is determin...
Tsunami warning system in the harbour
Environment and Recycling
Tsunamis travel quickly and cause great damage when they hit land. So it is vital that tsunami warnings are issued early. Tsunami information centres continuously evaluate simultaneous data from seism...
Ultrapure water storage tank
Pharmaceutical Industry
High-purity water (WFI) is required for pharmaceutical products that are injected directly into the bloodstream or administered as eye or nose drops. This water is produced through filtration and dist...
Urea reactor
Chemical Industry
In a Urea reactor, ammonium carbonate is decomposed into urea and water. Nearly pure urea is discharged from the reactor via the long pipe, which projects into the upper part of the vessel from the bo...
Urea reboiler
Chemical Industry
In the production of urea from ammonia, high process temperatures and the urea itself limit any sensor material selection considerably. The thick container walls further complicate the installation of...
Vacuum evaporator with scraper system
Pharmaceutical Industry
A thickening vessel fitted with a scraper is used to increase the concentration of extracted solutions by means of evaporation under vacuum. Extremely precise level measurement is required in this pro...
Vacuum system
Paper Industry
A vacuum system is used to perform dewatering on the high-speed paper machines. The required high vacuum is generated by a single or multi-stage centrifugal blower. The strength of the vacuum is regul...
Waste storage bunker
Environment and Recycling
The waste storage bunker in the reception hall is an important part of the EFW incineration plant. Its purpose is to provide a place to store, buffer and uniformly mix the delivered waste and ensure a...
Wastewater sump (open drain)
Oil and Gas Offshore
Rain run-off on board of oil platforms and ships is polluted with production residues and contaminants such as oil, sand and dirt. The rainwater with these contaminants must be collected in special ta...
Water separator
Paper Industry
The paper web is dewatered in the press and wire section of the paper machine. As the resulting water is removed via vacuum pipelines which are monitored by pressure transmitters to control the vacuum...
Wave and draught height
Oil and Gas Offshore
The height of floating drilling or pumping assets like platforms or FPSOs must be precisely maintained, even in the roughest seas with waves up to 30 m high. Environmental influences such as wind and...
Wet deslagger
Environment and Recycling
The hot, burned-out slag falls into the water quenching bath of the deslagger. A mechanical discharge mechanism pushes the slag out and, while doing so, presses out most of the entrained water. Evapor...
Wood chip silo
Paper Industry
The wood chips are transferred via conveyor belts to storage silos up to 25 m high and stored there temporarily for further processing. The silos are filled and emptied in batches. During the process,...
Bioreactor
Pharmaceutical Industry
Some pharmaceutical companies use bioreactor vessels to cultivate particular cells or microorganisms required for certain treatments. The very high level of hygiene required means the vessels and all...
Blast furnace
Mining and Metal Production
Burden (iron-bearing materials) and coke are transported from the bunker to the top of the blast furnace. The charging of the furnace is done via conveyor belts or small aggregate wagons. To ensure an...
Cement silo
Building Materials
Before further processing, the cement is stored in tall silos. The cement is transported both in and out of the silo via pneumatic conveying. Efficient storage and transport of the product is ensured...
Anhydrous ammonia storage tank
Refining and Petrochemicals
During the sulfur removal process, nitrogen is converted into ammonia through a water wash process to be sold for fertilizer production. Stringent environmental restrictions and the high hazard potent...
Ammonia reactor
Chemical Industry
In the ammonia reactor, nitrogen reacts with hydrogen to form ammonia. The temperature in the reactor can be anywhere up to 500 °C at pressures of 200 bar. To monitor the system pressure, the measurem...
Bleaching tower
Paper Industry
In order to achieve the desired degree of whiteness, the pulp must be bleached. For this it is filled into the 25 meter high bleaching tower. The bleaching process runs continuously at temperatures...
Gas separators (scrubbers)
Oil and Gas Offshore
Extracted natural gas and gas residues from oil production are contaminated with water and are therefore collected in gas separators (scrubbers) for separation. Pressures of up to +150 bar keep the ga...
Delousing systems
Aquaculture
One of the major challenges for fish farms around the world is lice infestation, which can force farmers to pull their fish out early. In addition to the use of cleaner fish, a thermo-mechanical treat...
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